Optimising metadata to make high-value content more accessible to Google users

Purpose: This paper shows how information in digital collections that have been catalogued using high-quality metadata can be retrieved more easily by users of search engines such as Google. Methodology/approach: The research and proposals described arose from an investigation into the observed phenomenon that pages from the Glasgow Digital Library (gdl.cdlr.strath.ac.uk) were regularly appearing near the top of Google search results shortly after publication, without any deliberate effort to achieve this. The reasons for this phenomenon are now well understood and are described in the second part of the paper. The first part provides context with a review of the impact of Google and a summary of recent initiatives by commercial publishers to make their content more visible to search engines. Findings/practical implications: The literature research provides firm evidence of a trend amongst publishers to ensure that their online content is indexed by Google, in recognition of its popularity with Internet users. The practical research demonstrates how search engine accessibility can be compatible with use of established collection management principles and high-quality metadata. Originality/value: The concept of data shoogling is introduced, involving some simple techniques for metadata optimisation. Details of its practical application are given, to illustrate how those working in academic, cultural and public-sector organisations could make their digital collections more easily accessible via search engines, without compromising any existing standards and practices

Initiating a Conversation Between Culture and Nature Through Sculpture

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts in the Department of Art.Master of Fine Art

On the evolution of mean motion resonances through stochastic forcing: Fast and slow libration modes and the origin of HD128311

Aims. We clarify the response of extrasolar planetary systems in a 2:1 mean motion commensurability with masses ranging from the super Jovian range to the terrestrial range to stochastic forcing that could result from protoplanetary disk turbulence. The behaviour of the different libration modes for a wide range of system parameters and stochastic forcing magnitudes is investigated. The growth of libration amplitudes is parameterized as a function of the relevant physical parameters. The results are applied to provide an explanation of the configuration of the HD128311 system. Methods. We first develop an analytic model from first principles without making the assumption that both eccentricities are small. We also perform numerical N-body simulations with additional stochastic forcing terms to represent the effects of putative disk turbulence. Results. Systems are quickly destabilized by large magnitudes of stochastic forcing but some stability is imparted should systems undergo a net orbital migration. The slow mode, which mostly corresponds to motion of the angle between the apsidal lines of the two planets, is converted to circulation more readily than the fast mode which is associated with oscillations of the semi-major axes. This mode is also vulnerable to the attainment of small eccentricities which causes oscillations between periods of libration and circulation. Conclusions. Stochastic forcing due to disk turbulence may have played a role in shaping the configurations of observed systems in mean motion resonance. It naturally provides a mechanism for accounting for the HD128311 system.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, added discussion in h and k coordinates, recommended for publicatio

The health and socioeconomic impacts of major multi-sport events: systematic review (1978-2008)

Objective To assess the effects of major multi-sport events on health and socioeconomic determinants of health in the population of the city hosting the event

Prospectus, February 7, 1979

VETERANS AT PARKLAND; Student suggests how to resell books; Could Pc King be solution for apathy?; Carry supplies for winter road dangers; Prospectus… It\u27s a start; PBDT appearing at Parkland; Divorce discussed; Womens forum to meet Tues.; Remedy is available; Speakers Bureau sponsored by Parkland Womens Program; Speech synthesizer to be finished soon; PC singers seeking help; Fewer part-time students at PC; Workshop to be at PC Feb. 17; Student Elections; Canteen increases food prices at PC; Two Parkland veterans tell their stories; PC veterans receive answers; PC rockers lead a double life; PC could be underfunded; New group gets mixed reactions; Classifieds; PC Womens Program gives weekly workshops; WPCD\u27s Hit List for the week of Feb. 5; Ag-business seminars; PCD schedules health program; Creative writing class is now PC radio series; Cobras lose two in weekend play; Track win big in Chicago, look toward region meethttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1979/1027/thumbnail.jp

Phosphorus and nitrogen loading restraints are essential for successful eutrophication control of Lake Rotorua, New Zealand

Anthropogenic activity has greatly enhanced the inputs of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to lakes, causing widespread eutrophication. Algal or cyanobacterial blooms are among the most severe consequences of eutrophication, impacting aquatic food webs and humans that rely on lakes for ecosystem services. In New Zealand, recent debate on the relative importance of N versus P control for limiting occurrences of algal blooms has centered on the iconic Lake Rotorua (North Island). Water quality in Lake Rotorua has declined since the late 1800s following catchment vegetation clearing and subsequent land-use intensification, as well as from sewage inputs. A multimillion dollar restoration programme began in the early 2000s, with key mitigation actions including nutrient load targets for the entire catchment and alum dosing in 2 tributaries. In this manuscript we analyse 2 water quality datasets (>10 yr) from Lake Rotorua and compare these with a global lake dataset. Generalised additive models predicted highly significant (p < 0.001) declines in total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and chlorophyll a (Chl-a) in surface waters between 2001 and 2015. Alum dosing had a negative (i.e., reducing) and highly significant effect on TP and Chl-a (p < 0.001). Correlations of Chl-a on TP and TN were highly significant, but the difference between the 2 correlation coefficients was not, indicating a need to control both nutrients to reduce algal productivity. This conclusion is reinforced by recent bioassay studies which show co-limitation by N and P. Collectively, our data and previous studies provide strong support for the current strategy of limiting both N and P loads to Lake Rotorua for effective eutrophication control

Are two better than one? Analysis of an FtsK/Xer recombination system that uses a single recombinase

Bacteria harbouring circular chromosomes have a Xer site-specific recombination system that resolves chromosome dimers at division. In Escherichia coli, the activity of the XerCD/dif system is controlled and coupled with cell division by the FtsK DNA translocase. Most Xer systems, as XerCD/dif, include two different recombinases. However, some, as the Lactococcus lactis XerS/difSL system, include only one recombinase. We investigated the functional effects of this difference by studying the XerS/difSL system. XerS bound and recombined difSL sites in vitro, both activities displaying asymmetric characteristics. Resolution of chromosome dimers by XerS/difSL required translocation by division septum-borne FtsK. The translocase domain of L. lactis FtsK supported recombination by XerCD/dif, just as E. coli FtsK supports recombination by XerS/difSL. Thus, the FtsK-dependent coupling of chromosome segregation with cell division extends to non-rod-shaped bacteria and outside the phylum Proteobacteria. Both the XerCD/dif and XerS/difSL recombination systems require the control activities of the FtsKγ subdomain. However, FtsKγ activates recombination through different mechanisms in these two Xer systems. We show that FtsKγ alone activates XerCD/dif recombination. In contrast, both FtsKγ and the translocation motor are required to activate XerS/difSL recombination. These findings have implications for the mechanisms by which FtsK activates recombination